Prosigns, Q Signals and CW Abbreviations
Used in Amateur (Ham) Radio

Procedural Signals (Prosigns) for Morse Code

C Q - Calling any station (does any ham *not* know this one?)

AR - "+" over, end of message

K - go, invite any station to transmit

KN - "(" go only, invite a specific station to transmit

BK - invite receiving station to transmit

R - all received OK

AS - please stand by

SK - end of contact (sent before call)

CL - going off the air (clear)

Q Signals (or Q Abbreviations)

Q Signals take the form of a question only when each is followed by a question mark.

QRG - Will you tell me my exact frequency (or that of ___)?
Your exact frequency (or that of ___) is ___ kHz.

QRH - Does my frequency vary?
Your frequency varies.

QRI - How is the tone of my transmission?
The tone of your transmission is ___. (1. Good 2. Variable 3. Bad)

QRJ - Are you receiving me badly?
I can not receive you. Your signals are too weak.

QRK - What is the intelligibility of my signals (or those of ___)?
The intelligibility of your signals (or those of ___) is:
(1. Bad 2. Poor 3. Fair 4. Good 5. Excellent)

QRL - Are you busy?
I am busy (or I am busy with ___). Please do not interfere.

QRM - Is my transmission being interferred with?
Your transmission is being interferred with ___.
(1. Nil 2. Slightly 3. Moderately 4. Severely 5. Extremely)

QRN - Are you troubled by static?
I am troubled by static ---. (1-5 as under QRM)

QRO - Shall I increase power?
Increase power.

QRP - Shall I decrease power?
Decrease power.

QRQ - Shall I send faster?
Send faster ___. (WPM)

QRS - Shall I send more slowly?
Send more slowly ___. (WPM)

QRT - Shall I stop sending?
Stop sending.

QRU - Have you anything for me?
I have nothing for you.

QRV - Are you ready?
I am ready.

QRW - Shall I inform ___ that you are calling on ___ kHz?
Please inform ___ that I am calling on ___ kHz.

QRX - When will you call me again?
I will call you again at ___ hours (on ___ kHz).

QRY - What is my turn?
Your turn is numbered ___.

QRZ - Who is calling me?
You are being called by ___ (on ___ kHz).

QSA - What is the strength of my signals (or those of ___)?
The strength of you signals (or those of ___) is ___.
(1. Scarcely perceptable 2. Weak 3. Fairly good 4. Good 5. Very good)

QSB - Are my signals fading?
Your signals are fading.

QSD - Is my keying defective?
Your keying is defective?

QSG - Shall I send ___ messages at a time?
Send ___ messages at a time.

QSK - Can you hear me in between your signals and if so, can I break in on your transmission?
I can hear you between my signals; break in on my transmission.

QSL - Can you acknowledge receipt?
I am acknowledging receipt.

QSM - Shall I repeat the last message I sent you, or some previous message?
Repeat the last message you sent me [or message(s) number(s) ___].

QSN - Did you hear me (or ___) on ___ kHz?
I did hear you (or ___) on ___ kHz.

QSO - Can you communicate with ___ direct or by relay?
I can communicate with ___ direct (or by relay through ___).

QSP - Will you relay to ___?
I will relay to ___.

QST - General call proceding a message addressed to all amateurs and ARRL members. This is in effect, "CQ ARRL".

QSU - Shall I send or reply on this frequency (or on ___ kHz)?
Send a series of Vs on this frequency (or on ___ kHz).

QSW - Will you send on this frequency (or on ___ kHz)?
I am going to send on this frequency (or on ___ kHz).

QSX - Will you listen to ___ on ___ kHz?
I am listening to ___ on ___ kHz.

QSY - Shall I change to to transmission on another frequency?
Change transmission to another frequency (or ___ kHz).

QSZ - Shall I send each word or group more than once?
Send each word or group twice (or ___ times).

QTA - Shall I cancel message number ___?
Cancel message number ___.

QTB - Do you agree with my counting of words?
I do not agree with your counting of words. I will repeat the first letter or digit of each word or group.

QTC - How many messages have you to send?
I have ___ messages for you (or for ___).

QTH - What is your location?
My location is ___.

QTR - What is the correct time?
The correct time is ___.

Common abbreviations for CW work
AA	- All after	PBL	- Preamble
AB	- All before	PSE	- Please
ABT	- About	PWR	- Power
ADR	- Address	PX	- Press
AGN	- Again	R	- Received as transmitted; Are
AM	- Amplitude Modulation	RCD	- Received
ANT	- Antenna	RCVR	- Receiver
BCI	- Broadcast Interference	RX	- Receiver
BCL	- Broadcast Listener	REF	- Refer to; Referring to; Reference
BK	- Break, Break in	RFI	- Radio frequency interference
BN	- All between; Been	RIG	- Station equipment
BUG	- Semi-Automatic key	RTTY	- Radio teletype
B4	- Before	SASE	- Self-addressed, stamped envelope
C	- Yes	SED	- Said
CFM	- Confirm; I confirm	SIG	- Signature; Signal
CK	-Ckeck	SINE	- Operator's personal initials or nickname
CL	- I am closing my station; Call	SKED	- Schedule
CLD	- Called	SRI	- Sorry
CLG	- Calling	SSB	- Single Side Band
CQ	- Calling any station	SVC	- Service; Prefix to service message
CW	- Continuous wave	T	- Zero
DLD	- Delivered	TFC	- Traffic
DLVD	- Delivered	TMW	- Tomorrow
DR	- Dear	TKS	- Thanks
DX	- Distance	TNX	- Thanks
ES	- And	TT	- That
FB	- Fine Business, excellent	TU	- Thank you
FM	- Frequency Modulation	TVI	- Television interference
GA	- Go ahead	TX	- Transmitter
GM	- Good morning	TXT	- Text
GN	- Good night	UR	- Your; You're
GND	- Ground	URS	- Yours
GUD	- Good	VFO	- Variable Frequency Oscillator
HI	- The telegraph laugh; High	VY	- Very
HR	- Here; Hear	WA	- Word after
HV	- Have	WB	- Word before
HW	- How	WD	- Word
LID	- A poor operator	WDS	- Words
MA	- Millamperes	WKD	- Worked
MILS	- Millamperes	WKG	- Working
MSG	- Message; Prefix to radiogram	WL	- Well; Will
N	- No	WUD	- Would
NCS	- Net Control Station	WX	- Weather
ND	- Nothing Doing	XCVR	- Transceiver
NIL	- Nothing; I have nothing for you	XMTR	- Transmitter
NM	- No more	XTAL	- Crystal
NR	- Number	XYL	- Wife
NW	- Now; I resume transmission	YL	- Young lady
OB	- Old boy	73	- Best Regards
OC	- Old chap	88	- Love and kisses
OM	- Old man
OP	- Operator
OPR	- Operator
OT	- Old timer; Old top